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VOL. 7, ISSUE 2 (2025)
Exploring the energy ladder hypothesis: A systematic review of existing literature
Authors
Dr. Nisith Mondal
Abstract
The Energy Ladder Hypothesis has long served
as a foundational framework in development and energy economics, explaining
household fuel transitions from traditional biomass to modern, cleaner energy
sources. This systematic review traces the historical evolution of the
hypothesis, evaluates its strengths and limitations, and situates it within
broader debates on modernization and energy poverty. While early studies
supported the linear progression model, subsequent research highlights the
prevalence of “fuel stacking,” where households simultaneously use multiple
fuels depending on affordability, cultural preferences, and infrastructural
constraints. The review underscores that household energy choices are
multidimensional, shaped not only by income but also by social, technological,
and policy factors. Critiques of the hypothesis emphasize its
oversimplification and limited policy relevance, leading to alternative
frameworks such as the Fuel Stacking Model. Ultimately, this article argues for
a more nuanced understanding of energy transitions that integrates economic
development, gender equity, cultural practices, and institutional
interventions, offering valuable insights for designing sustainable and
equitable energy policies in the Global South.
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Pages:163-166
How to cite this article:
Dr. Nisith Mondal "Exploring the energy ladder hypothesis: A systematic review of existing literature". International Journal of Management and Economics, Vol 7, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 163-166
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